1. Selelekela
Likoloi tsa motlakase (EVs) li fetola tsela eo re tsamaeang ka eona, li fana ka mokhoa o hloekileng le o sebetsang hantle ho feta oa likoloi tsa khale tse tsamaeang ka khase. Empa ka mor'a ho potlakisa le ts'ebetso e khutsitseng ea EV ho na le karolo ea bohlokoa eo hangata e sa lemoheng -lithapo tse matla haholo. Lithapo tsena li na le boikarabelo ba ho fetisa matla pakeng tsa betri, motlakase, le likarolo tse sa tšoaneng tsa motlakase, tse sebetsang joalokatsela ea bopheloea tsamaiso ea matla a koloi.
Ha li-EV li ntse li hatela pele, litlhoko tsa lits'ebetso tsa marang-rang tse nang le matla a phahameng li ntse li eketseha. Tšireletseho, katleho, le ho tšoarella ke lintho tse ka sehloohong tse amehang, ho etsa khetho ea thepa e le ntlha ea bohlokoa. Joale, ke lisebelisoa life tse loketseng lithapo tse phahameng tsa EV? A re e hlakoleng.
2. Mefuta ea Lisebelisoa tsa Motlakase oa Motlakase o Phahameng
Ho etsa bonnete ba ts'ebetso e bolokehileng le e sebetsang hantle, lithapo tsa motlakase tse phahameng li tlameha ho bainsulatedka thepa ea boleng bo holimo e khonang ho mamella mocheso, khatello ea motlakase, le mathata a tikoloho. Mona ke lisebelisoa tse sebelisoang ka ho fetesisa ho lithapo tsa EV tse phahameng haholo:
2.1. Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
PVC e kile ea sebelisoa haholo ka lebaka la eonatheko e tlase le thepa e ntle ea mochini. E bonolo ho e sebetsa ebile e fana ka nako e telele. Leha ho le joalo, PVC e na le mefokolo ea bohlokoa:
- E na le chlorine, e etsang hore e be kotsi tikolohong le bophelong ba batho.
- E na le mocheso o fokolang oa mocheso, o ka lebisang ho senyeha tlas'a mocheso o phahameng.
- E atisa ho thatafala le ho petsoha ha nako e ntse e ea, haholo-holo maemong a feteletseng.
Ka lebaka la litaba tsena, bahlahisi ba bangata ba tloha hole le PVC ka lebaka la lisebelisoa tse tsoetseng pele.
2.2. Cross-Linked Polyolefin (XLPO)
XLPO ke e 'ngoe ea likhetho tse holimo bakeng sa lithapo tsa motlakase tsa EV tse phahameng haholo. Ke ka lebaka lena:
- Ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng:E khona ho mamella mocheso o phahameng ntle le ho nyenyefatsa.
- Matla a makatsang a mochini:E hanana le ho kobeha, ho otlolla, le tšusumetso.
- Nako e telele:Nako e telele ea bophelo ka lebaka la ho hanyetsa botsofali le ho apara.
- Ho tsitsa ha lik'hemik'hale:E hanyetsana le kutu le tikoloho e thata.
Bothata bo bong ke ba eonae batlang e fokola kgahlano le lelakabe, empa XLPO e sa sebeliseng malakabe ea halogen hangata e sebelisoa ho rarolla bothata bona. Ka lebaka la ts'ebetso ea eona e matla, XLPO e se e le khetho ea mantlha bakeng sa lithapo tse phahameng tsa EV.
2.3. Thermoplastic Elastomer (TPE)
TPE ke lisebelisoa tse bonolo le tse bonolo ho sebetsa tse kopanyang thepa ea rabara le polasetiki. E fana ka:
- Elasticity e ntleka mocheso o tloaelehileng.
- Moldability, ho etsa hore ho be bonolo ho theha meaho e fapaneng ea terata.
Leha ho le joalo, e na le mefokolo e itseng:
- Ho hanyetsa ho apara ka tlaasebapisoa le XLPO.
- Ts'ebetso e tlase ea mocheso o phahameng, e etsang hore e se tšoanelehe bakeng sa tikoloho e batlang e le ea EV.
Ka lebaka la mefokolo ena, TPE ha se khetho e ntle ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa wiring ea matla a phahameng empa e ntse e sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tse itseng.
3. Litekanyetso tsa EV High-Voltage Wires
Ho netefatsa polokeho le ts'epahalo, lithapo tsa motlakase tse phahameng ho li-EV li tlameha ho fihlela maemo a thata a indasteri. Mona ke tse ling tsa litekanyetso tsa bohlokoa tse sebelisoang lefatšeng ka bophara:
Maemo a Machabeng:
- Litekanyetso tsa IEC: Koahela thepa ea motlakase, ea mochini le ea mocheso.
- Litekanyetso tsa ISO:
- ISO 19642: E tsepamisitse maikutlo lithapong tsa makoloi a tsela.
- ISO 6722: E koahela lithapo tsa motlakase o tlase empa ka linako tse ling ho buuoa ka tsona lits'ebetsong tsa EV.
Maemo a Naha a China:
- QC/T 1037: E laola lithapo tse nang le motlakase o mongata bakeng sa likoloi tse ncha tsa motlakase.
- CQC 1122: E tsepamisitse maikutlo ho lithapo tsa ho tjhaja tsa EV.
Litifikeiti tse ling:
- LV216: Tekanyetso ea cable ea likoloi ea Jeremane.
- DEKRA K179: E leka ho hanyetsa lelakabe le polokeho ea mollo.
4. Litlhoko tsa Ts'ebetso ea Bohlokoa
Lithapo tsa motlakase o phahameng li tlameha ho fihlela litlhoko tse 'maloa tse hlokang ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e bolokehileng le e tšepahalang ho li-EV. Ha re shebeng lintlha tsa bohlokoa tsa ts'ebetso:
4.1. Ts'ebetso ea Motlakase
- E sebetsana le motlakase o phahameng le motlakase o moholo: EV high-voltage systems e atisa ho sebetsa ho400V ho isa ho 800V, e hlokang likhoele kainsulation e babatsehang.
- E thibela ho lutla ha motlakase: Ho fosahetse ho kenya letsoho ho ka bakaho felloa ke matla kapa li-circuits tse kotsi.
- E mamella khatello e phahameng ea motlakase: Ha motlakase oa betri oa EV o ntse o eketseha, likhoele li tlameha ho hana ho senyeha ha motlakase.
4.2. Ts'ebetso ea 'Mele
- Ho hanyetsa Mocheso: Nakongho tjhaja kapele kapa ho kganna ka lebelo le leholo, lithapo li tlameha ho mamella mocheso o phahameng ntle le ho qhibiliha kapa ho theola seriti.
- Khanyetso e batang: Homaemo a leqhoa, sekontiri se tlameha ho lula se tenyetseha 'me se se ke sa senyeha.
- Ho tenyetseha: Lithapo li tlameha ho khumama le ho tsamaea habonolo nakong ea ho kenya le ho sebetsa.
- Matla a Mechini: Lithapo li tlameha ho mamellaho thothomela, tšusumetso, le ho otlollantle le ho senya kapa ho lahleheloa ke tshebetso.
4.3. Ts'ebetso ea Lik'hemik'hale
- Ho hanyetsa Oli le Mokelikeli: E tlameha ho mamella ho pepesetsoamafura, li-electrolyte tsa betri, le maro a mang a likoloi.
- Khanyetso ea Corrosion: E sireletsa khahlanong le tšenyo e tsoang holik'hemik'hale le maemo a thata a tikoloho.
5. Mekhoa ea Bokamoso le Litlhahiso
Tsoelopele eamoloko o latelanglisebelisoa tsa terata tse nang le matla a phahameng ke ts'ebetso e tsoelang pele. Mona ke seo bokamoso bo se tšoereng:
- Bokhoni bo phahameng ba ho tsamaisa hona joale: Joalo kamatla a betri a phahama, lithapo li tlameha ho tšehetsaesita le maemo a phahameng a matla.
- Ho hanyetsa mocheso ho molemo: Lisebelisoa tse ncha li tlatšoara mocheso o feteletsenge betere ho feta XLPO ea kajeno.
- Moshoelella: Indasteri e fetohela hothepa e baballang tikolohotse fokotsang tšilafalo le ho ntlafatsa ho sebelisoa hape.
- Tšireletseho e ntlafetseng ea mollo: Ho tla fana ka li-insulation formulations tse nchaho hanyetsa lelakabe ho molemontle le lik'hemik'hale tse chefo.
- Tlhahiso e tsoetseng pele: Litlhahiso ka har'aextrusion le mekhoa ea ho sebetsae tla ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea cable ha e ntse e fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa tlhahiso.
Qetello
Lithapo tse nang le matla a phahameng ke karolo ea bohlokoa empa hangata e hlokomolohuoang ke koloi ea motlakase. Ho khetha thepa e nepahetseng ea insulation ho netefatsatšireletseho, katleho, le ho tšoarella, e tlatsetsang ho tšepahala ka kakaretso ha li-EV. Ha theknoloji e ntse e tsoela pele, re ka lebellathepa e molemo le ho fetae ntlafatsang tshebetso ha o ntse o lee tsitsitseng haholoanyane. Bokamoso ba EV wiring bo khanya, 'me boqapi bo tsoelang pele bo tla thusa ho khanna indasteri pele!
Hlotselisebelisoa tsa terata tse nang le matla a phahameng a motlakase li koahela maemo a mangata a mocheso ho tloha ho 105 ℃ ho isa ho 150 ℃. Lits'ebetsong tse sebetsang, li bonts'a ho hanyetsa mocheso o babatsehang, ho kenya motlakase, tšireletso e phahameng ea tikoloho le thepa ea mechine, ho fana ka litiiso tse ka tšeptjoang bakeng sa ts'ebetso e tsitsitseng ea likoloi. Ka nako e ts'oanang, ka melemo e metle ea ts'ebetso, ba rarolla ka katleho mefokolo ea ts'ebetso ea lisebelisoa tsa setso libakeng tse rarahaneng, ho fana ka tšehetso e matla bakeng sa ts'ebetso e sireletsehileng ea likoloi tsa motlakase tlas'a maemo a khethehileng a ho sebetsa.
Nako ea poso: Feb-06-2025