Mefuta ea Solar System: Ho Utloisisa Hore na Li Sebetsa Joang

1. Selelekela

Matla a letsatsi a ntse a tsebahala haholo ha batho ba ntse ba batla litsela tsa ho boloka chelete ka likoloto tsa motlakase le ho fokotsa tšusumetso ea bona tikolohong. Empa na u ne u tseba hore ho na le mefuta e fapaneng ea litsamaiso tsa matla a letsatsi?

Ha se litsamaiso tsohle tsa letsatsi tse sebetsang ka tsela e tšoanang. Tse ling li hoketsoe keriting ea motlakase, ha tse ling li sebetsa ka botsona. Tse ling li ka boloka matla ka libeteri, ha tse ling li romela motlakase o eketsehileng ho marang-rang.

Sehloohong sena, re tla hlalosa mefuta e meraro ea mantlha ea lisebelisoa tsa matla a letsatsi ka mantsoe a bonolo:

1. Sisteme ea letsatsi ea on-grid(hape e bitsoa "grid-tieed system"
2. Off-grid tsamaiso ea letsatsi(sistimi e ikemetseng)
3. Sisteme ea letsatsi ea Hybrid(solar e nang le polokelo ea betri le khokahano ea grid)

Re tla boela re arole likarolo tsa bohlokoa tsa solar system le hore na li sebelisana joang.

2. Mefuta ea Ts'ebetso ea Matla a Letsatsi

2.1 On-Grid Solar System (Grid-Tie System)

An on-grid tsamaiso ea letsatsike mofuta o atileng haholo oa solar system. E hoketsoe ho marang-rang a motlakase oa sechaba, ho bolelang hore u ntse u ka sebelisa matla a tsoang ho marang-rang ha ho hlokahala.

Kamoo E Sebetsang Kateng:

• Li-solar panel li hlahisa motlakase motšehare.
• Motlakase o sebelisoa ka tlung ea hau, 'me matla leha e le afe a eketsehileng a romeloa ho marang-rang.
• Haeba lisebelisoa tsa hau tsa letsatsi li sa hlahise motlakase o lekaneng (joaloka bosiu), u fumana matla ho tsoa ho marang-rang.

Melemo ea On-Grid Systems:

✅ Ha ho na tlhoko ea polokelo ea betri e turang.
✅ O ka fumana chelete kapa mekitlane bakeng sa motlakase o eketsehileng oo o o romellang marang-rang (Feed-in Tariff).
✅ E theko e tlase ebile e bonolo ho e kenya ho feta lits'ebetso tse ling.

Meeli:

❌ HA E sebetse nakong ea ho tima ha motlakase (ho tima) ka mabaka a tšireletso.
❌ U ntse u itšetlehile ka marang-rang a motlakase.

2.2 Off-grid Solar System (Stand-Alone System)

An off-grid tsamaiso ea letsatsie ikemetse ka ho feletseng ho marang-rang a motlakase. E itšetlehile ka lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi le libeteri ho fana ka matla, esita le bosiu kapa nakong ea matsatsi a maru.

Kamoo E Sebetsang Kateng:

• Li-solar panel li hlahisa motlakase le ho tjhaja libeteri motšehare.
• Bosiu kapa ha maru a le maru, libeteri li fana ka matla a bolokiloeng.
• Haeba betri e felloa ke matla, hangata ho hlokahala jenereithara ea bekapo.

Melemo ea Off-Grid Systems:

✅ E nepahetse bakeng sa libaka tse hole tse se nang phihlello ea marang-rang a motlakase.
✅ Boipuso bo felletseng ba matla—ha ho na likoloto tsa motlakase!
✅ E sebetsa le nakong ea ho tima.

Meeli:

❌ Libetri li theko e boima 'me li hloka tlhokomelo ea kamehla.
❌ Hangata ho hlokahala jenereithara bakeng sa linako tse telele tsa maru.
❌ E hloka moralo o hlokolosi ho netefatsa matla a lekaneng selemo ho pota.

2.3 Hybrid Solar System (Solar e nang le Betri & Khokahano ea Grid)

A tsamaiso ea letsatsi e nyalisitsoenge kopanya melemo ea li-on-grid le off-grid system. E hokahane le marang-rang a motlakase empa hape e na le sistimi ea polokelo ea betri.

Kamoo E Sebetsang Kateng:

• Liphanele tsa letsatsi li hlahisa motlakase le ho fana ka motlakase lapeng la hau.
• Motlakase ofe kapa ofe o eketsehileng o tjhaja libeteri ho e-na le ho ea ho marang-rang ka ho toba.
• Bosiu kapa nakong ea ho tima, libeteri li fana ka matla.
• Haeba libeteri li se na letho, u ntse u ka sebelisa motlakase ho tsoa ho marang-rang.

Melemo ea Hybrid Systems:

✅ E fana ka matla a bekapo nakong ea ho tima.
✅ E fokotsa likoloto tsa motlakase ka ho boloka le ho sebelisa matla a letsatsi hantle.
✅ O ka rekisa motlakase o eketsehileng ho grid (ho ipapisitse le setaele sa hau).

Meeli:

❌ Libetri li eketsa litšenyehelo ho sistimi.
❌ Ho kenngoa ho rarahaneng haholoanyane ha ho bapisoa le litsamaiso tsa marang-rang.

3. Lisebelisoa tsa Solar System le Kamoo li Sebetsang Kateng

Lisebelisoa tsohle tsa matla a letsatsi, ebang ke on-grid, off-grid, kapa hybrid, li na le likarolo tse tšoanang. Ha re shebeng hore na li sebetsa joang.

3.1 Liphanele tsa Solar

Liphanele tsa letsatsi li entsoe kalisele tsa photovoltaic (PV).tse fetolang khanya ea letsatsi motlakase.

• Ba hlahisamotlakase o otlolohileng (DC).ha e pepesehetse kganya ya letsatsi.
• Liphanele tse ngata li bolela motlakase o mongata.
• Boholo ba matla ao ba a hlahisang bo itšetlehile ka matla a letsatsi, boleng ba liphanele le maemo a leholimo.

Keletso ea Bohlokoa:Liphanele tsa letsatsi li hlahisa motlakase ho tsoamatla a bobebe, eseng mocheso. Sena se bolela hore ba ka sebetsa esita le matsatsing a batang ha feela ho na le khanya ea letsatsi.

3.2 Solar Inverter

Lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi li hlahisaDC motlakase, empa matlo le likhoebo li sebelisaMotlakase oa AC. Mona ke moomotlakase oa letsatsikena.

• Invertere fetola motlakase oa DC ho ba motlakase oa ACbakeng sa tshebediso ya lapeng.
• Kaon-grid kapa hybrid system, inverter e boetse e laola phallo ea motlakase lipakeng tsa ntlo, libeteri le marang-rang.

Litsamaiso tse ling lia sebelisoali-inverters tse nyane, tse khomaretsoeng ho liphanele tsa letsatsi ka bomong ho e-na le ho sebelisa inverter e le 'ngoe e kholo e bohareng.

3.3 Boto ea Kabo

Hang ha inverter e fetola motlakase ho AC, e romelloa hoboto ea kabo.

• Boto ena e tsamaisa motlakase lisebelisoa tse fapaneng ka tlung.
• Haeba ho na le motlakase o mongata, ho joalotjhaja dibetri(ka off-grid kapa hybrid systems) kapae ea keriting(litsamaisong tsa grid).

3.4 Libetri tsa Solar

Libetri tsa letsatsiboloka motlakase o feteletsenge le hore e ka sebelisoa hamorao.

• Lead-acid, AGM, gel, le lithiumke mefuta e tloaelehileng ea betri.
• Libetri tsa lithiumke tsona tse sebetsang hantle ka ho fetisisa le tse tšoarellang nako e telele empa hape li theko e boima ka ho fetisisa.
• E sebelisoa hooff-gridlelebaseterelitsamaiso tsa ho fana ka matla bosiu le nakong ea ho tima.

4. On-Grid Solar System ka Lintlha

✅Ka ho fetisisa ka theko e tlaase le bonolo ka ho fetisisa ho kenya
✅E boloka chelete likolotong tsa motlakase
✅E ka rekisa matla a eketsehileng ho marang-rang

❌Ha e sebetse nakong ea ho tima
❌E ntse e itšetlehile ka marang-rang a motlakase

5. Off-Grid Solar System ka Lintlha

✅Boikemelo ba matla a felletseng
✅Ha ho likoloto tsa motlakase
✅E sebetsa libakeng tse hole

❌Libetri tse turang le jenereithara ea bekapo lia hlokahala
❌E tlameha ho etsoa ka hloko ho sebetsa ka linako tsohle tsa selemo

6. Hybrid Solar System ka Tlhaloso

✅Molemo ka ho fetisisa oa lefats'e ka bobeli - bekapo ea betri le khokahano ea grid
✅E sebetsa ka nako ea ho tima
✅E ka boloka le ho rekisa matla a feteletseng

❌Litsenyehelo tsa pele tse holimo ka lebaka la polokelo ea betri
❌Litlhophiso tse rarahaneng haholoanyane ha li bapisoa le li-on-grid system

7. Qetello

Lisebelisoa tsa matla a letsatsi ke mokhoa o motle oa ho fokotsa likoloto tsa motlakase le ho boloka tikoloho. Leha ho le joalo, ho khetha mofuta o nepahetseng oa tsamaiso ho itšetlehile ka litlhoko tsa hau tsa matla le tekanyetso.

• Haeba u batla ae bonolo ebile e fumanehatsamaiso,on-grid solarke khetho e ntle ka ho fetisisa.
• Haeba u lula asebaka se holentle le phihlello ea grid,off-grid solarke khetho ea hau feela.
• Haeba u batlamatla a bekapo nakong ya ho timale taolo e eketsehileng holim'a motlakase oa hau, atsamaiso ea letsatsi e nyalisitsoengke tsela ea ho tsamaea.

Ho kenya chelete ka matla a letsatsi ke qeto e bohlale bakeng sa bokamoso. Ka ho utloisisa hore na litsamaiso tsena li sebetsa joang, u ka khetha e lumellanang le mokhoa oa hau oa bophelo hantle.

FAQs

1. Na nka kenya lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi ntle le libeteri?
Ee! Haeba u khetha eon-grid tsamaiso ea letsatsi, ha o hloke libeteri.

2. Na liphanele tsa letsatsi li sebetsa matsatsing a maru?
E, empa li hlahisa motlakase o fokolang hobane ho na le khanya ea letsatsi e fokolang.

3. Libetri tsa letsatsi li nka nako e kae?
Libetri tse ngata li tšoarella5-15 lilemo, ho itšetlehile ka mofuta le tšebeliso.

4. Na nka sebelisa sistimi e nyalisitsoeng ntle le betri?
Ho joalo, empa ho kenya betri ho thusa ho boloka matla a mangata hore a sebelisoe hamorao.

5. Ho etsahala'ng haeba betri ea ka e tletse?
Ka tsamaiso ea lebasetere, matla a eketsehileng a ka romeloa ho marang-rang. Sistimi ea off-grid, tlhahiso ea matla ea emisa ha betri e tletse.