Ho Fuputsa Mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea Lik'habole tsa polokelo ea Matla: AC, DC, le Lithapo tsa Puisano

Kenyelletso ea Lithapo tsa Polokelo ea Matla

Ke engLithapo tsa ho boloka matla?

Lithapo tsa polokelo ea matla ke likhoele tse khethehileng tse sebelisoang litsing tsa motlakase ho fetisa, ho boloka le ho laola matla a motlakase. Lithapo tsena li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho hokelang lisebelisoa tsa polokelo ea matla, joalo ka libeteri kapa li-capacitor, ho marang-rang a pharalletseng kapa litsamaiso tse ling tsa matla. Ha tlhoko ea matla a ka nchafatsoang e ntse e eketseha, litharollo tsa polokelo ea matla joalo ka likhoele tsena li ba bohlokoa le ho feta bakeng sa ho leka-lekanya phepelo le tlhoko, ho netefatsa ts'epo, le ho ntlafatsa phallo ea matla.

Lithapo tsa polokelo ea matla li ka fumaneha ka mefuta e fapaneng, e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e etselitsoe litsamaiso le litlhoko tse fapaneng tsa matla. Li sebelisoa haholo lits'ebetsong tse kenyelletsang phepelo ea motlakase, phetolo ea matla le polokelo. Empa ha se lithapo tsohle tsa polokelo ea matla tse ts'oanang - ho na le likhoele tse khethehileng bakeng sa alternating current (AC), direct current (DC), le litsamaiso tsa puisano tse nolofatsang ts'ebetso le ho beha leihlo lisebelisoa tsa polokelo ea matla.

Bohlokoa ba Polokelo ea Matla Lits'ebetsong tsa Matla a Kajeno

Ka ho phahama ha mehloli ea matla a tsosolositsoeng, e kang moea le letsatsi, polokelo ea matla e fetohile ea bohlokoa ho feta leha e le neng pele. Mehloli ena ea matla ke ea nakoana, ho bolelang hore ha e fumanehe ka linako tsohle ha tlhokahalo e phahame. Ho rarolla phephetso ena, litsamaiso tsa polokelo ea matla li sebelisoa ho boloka matla a feteletseng ha tlhahiso e le holimo le ho a lokolla ha tlhoko e feta phepelo. Ts'ebetso ena e itšetlehile haholo ka lithapo tsa polokelo ea matla ho fetisetsa ka katleho matla a bolokiloeng ho tloha lisebelisoa tsa polokelo ho ea ho marang-rang a matla kapa mekhoa e meng.

Ntle le litharollo tse nepahetseng tsa polokelo ea matla, mehloli ea matla a ka nchafatsoang e ne e ke ke ea ts'epaha, 'me ho fetela ho marang-rang a hloekileng, a tsitsitseng haholoanyane a ne a tla lieha haholo. Ka hona, ho utloisisa mefuta ea lithapo tse amehang lits'ebetsong tsa polokelo ea matla-AC, DC, le likhoele tsa puisano-ke senotlolo sa ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso le ts'epo ea lits'ebetso tsena tsa polokelo.

Kakaretso ea Mefuta ea Cable e Sebelisitsoeng Bobolokelong ba Matla

Lenaneong la polokelo ea matla, karolo ea lithapo e ke ke ea nyenyefatsoa. Mefuta e meraro ea mantlha ea lithapo tse amehang ke:

1. Lithapo tsa polokelo ea Matla a AC- Lithapo tsena li sebelisetsoa ho fetisetsa motlakase o mong, mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa ho fetisa motlakase ka mekhoa ea matla.
   

2. Lik'habole tsa polokelo ea Matla a DC- Lithapo tsena li sebelisoa mekhoeng e bolokang le ho fetisa hona joale ka ho toba, e atisang ho fumanoa polokelong ea betri le lisebelisoa tsa matla a letsatsi.
   

3. Lithapo tsa Puisano- Lithapo tsena li bohlokoa bakeng sa ho fetisa matšoao a taolo le ho beha leihlo ho netefatsa hore lits'ebetso tsa polokelo ea matla li sebetsa hantle.
   

E 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea likhoele tsena e na le meralo, lits'ebetso le melemo e tlatsetsang katlehong e akaretsang ea sistimi ea polokelo ea matla.

AC (Alternating Current) Lithapo tsa polokelo ea Matla

Melao-motheo ea Motheo ea Polokelo ea Matla a AC

Pokello ea motlakase ea hajoale (AC) e kenyelletsa tšebeliso ea motlakase oa AC ho boloka matla ka mefuta e fapaneng, joalo ka polokelong ea metsi e pompetsoeng kapa li-flywheels. Monyetla o ka sehloohong oa polokelo ea matla a AC ke ho lumellana ha eona le marang-rang a teng a matla, ao haholo-holo a sebetsang a sebelisa motlakase oa AC. Sistimi ea AC hangata e hloka litharollo tsa polokelo ea matla tse lumellang ho hokahana habonolo le lisebelisoa tsa marang-rang, tse nolofalletsang phetisetso ea matla nakong ea tlhokeho e phahameng kapa phepelo e tlase.

Sistimi ea polokelo ea matla ea AC e sebelisa mechini e rarahaneng joalo ka li-transformer le li-inverters ho fetolela lipakeng tsa AC le mefuta e meng ea matla. Lithapo tse sebelisoang litsamaisong tsena li tlameha ho khona ho sebetsana le ho feto-fetoha ha maqhubu a phahameng a motlakase le maqhubu a bang teng nakong ea polokelo le ho khutlisa matla.

Moralo le Khaho ea Lithapo tsa AC

Lithapo tsa polokelo tsa AC li etselitsoe ho sebetsana le motlakase o fapanyetsanang o phallang ho tsona. Lithapo tsena hangata li entsoe ka li-conductor tsa koporo kapa tsa aluminium, tse fanang ka conductivity e phahameng le bokhoni ba ho mamella maqhubu a phahameng a amanang le phetisetso ea matla a AC. Insulation e sebelisoang likhoeleng tsa AC e etselitsoe ho hanela ho taboha le ho taboha ho ka bakoang ke phetoho e sa feleng ea hajoale, ha AC e fetola tsela nako le nako.

Lithapo li boetse li kenyelletsa tšireletso e sireletsang ho thibela tšitiso ea motlakase (EMI) le ho netefatsa botsitso ba matšoao a motlakase a fetisoang. Lithapo tsa AC tse sebelisoang lits'ebetsong tsa polokelo ea matla li tlameha ho khona ho laola phetisetso ea matla a matla a phahameng, e hlokang lisebelisoa tse khethehileng ho netefatsa ho tšoarella le polokeho.

Melemo ea Lik'habole tsa AC ho Mekhoa ea ho Boloka Matla

Lithapo tsa polokelo ea matla tsa AC li na le melemo e mengata e ikhethang. Ntlha ea pele, li loketse hantle ho sebelisoa le marang-rang a matla, a itšetlehileng ka AC ho fana ka matla ho bareki. Khokahano ena e etsa hore lits'ebetso tsa polokelo ea matla tsa AC li be bonolo ho li kopanya le meaho e teng, e fana ka khokahano e se nang moeli pakeng tsa sesebelisoa sa polokelo ea matla le grid.

Ho feta moo, lithapo tsa AC li ka ba le litšenyehelo tse ngata ho feta likhoele tsa DC ha li sebelisoa mekhoeng e meholo ea polokelo ea matla e thehiloeng ho grid. Kaha AC ke tekanyetso ea phetisetso ea matla, ho hlokahala liphetoho tse fokolang ho litsamaiso tse seng li ntse li le teng, e leng se bakang litšenyehelo tse tlase tsa ho kenya le ho li lokisa.

Lisebelisoa tse Tloaelehileng tsa AC Energy Storage Cables

Lithapo tsa AC li sebelisoa hangata lits'ebetsong tse kholo tsa polokelo ea matla tse hokahantsoeng le marang-rang a matla. Litsamaiso tsena li kenyelletsa polokelo ea motlakase e pompetsoeng ka metsi, e sebelisang motsamao oa metsi ho boloka matla, le li-flywheels tse kholo, tse bolokang matla a kinetic. Lithapo tsa AC li boetse li sebelisoa litharollong tse ling tsa polokelo ea matla a marang-rang, joalo ka lits'ebetso tsa polokelo ea matla a moea (CAES).

Kopo e 'ngoe e tloaelehileng ke ho kopanngoa ha mehloli ea matla a tsosolositsoeng joaloka moea le matla a letsatsi ho marang-rang. Lithapo tsa polokelo tsa AC li thusa ho theola ho feto-fetoha ha matla a motlakase, ho netefatsa phepelo e tsitsitseng le e tšepahalang ea matla, leha tlhahiso ea mehloli e ka nchafatsoang e fapana.

Mathata le Mefokolo ea Lithapo tsa Polokelo ea Matla a AC

Le ha likhoele tsa AC li sebetsa haholo lits'ebetsong tse ngata, li na le meeli. Phephetso e 'ngoe e kholo ke tahlehelo ea ts'ebetso e etsahalang nakong ea phetolo ea matla. Ho fetola pakeng tsa AC le mefuta e meng ea matla (joaloka DC) ho ka fella ka tahlehelo ea matla ka lebaka la ho hlahisa mocheso le lintlha tse ling.

Khaello e 'ngoe ke boholo le boima ba likhoele, haholo-holo bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse nang le matla a phahameng. Lithapo tsena li tlameha ho etsoa ka hloko ho thibela liphoso tsa motlakase le ho netefatsa polokeho, e leng se bolelang hangata ho sebelisa thepa e boima, e theko e boima.

DC (Direct Current) Lithapo tsa polokelo ea Matla

Ho utloisisa DC Energy Storage

Ho boloka matla a motlakase hona joale (DC) ho kenyelletsa ho boloka motlakase ka phallo ea oona e sa lekanyetsoang, e leng mokhoa o ratoang bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse ngata tsa betri. Lisebelisoa tsa DC li sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tse kang polokelo ea matla a letsatsi, likoloi tsa motlakase (EVs), le lisebelisoa tsa polokelo ea matla a betri (BESS). Ho fapana le litsamaiso tsa AC, tse fapanyetsanang ka lehlakoreng le leng, DC e phalla ka lehlakoreng le le leng, e leng ho nolofalletsang ho boloka matla ka har'a libeteri.

Lits'ebetsong tsa DC, matla a atisa ho bolokoa ka mefuta ea lik'hemik'hale kapa ea mechine ebe e fetoloa matla a motlakase ha ho hlokahala. Lithapo tse sebelisoang lits'ebetsong tsa DC li tlameha ho etsoa ho sebetsana le litšobotsi tse ikhethang tsa hajoale, joalo ka botsitso ba motlakase le phallo ea hona joale.

Sebopeho le Mosebetsi oa Lithapo tsa DC

Lithapo tsa DC hangata li hahuoa ka li-conductor tsa koporo kapa aluminium, hammoho le insulation e khethehileng e etselitsoeng ho mamella phallo e sa feleng ea motlakase ka lehlakoreng le le leng. Insulation e tlameha ho khona ho sebetsana le maqhubu a phahameng ntle le ho senya kapa ho lahleheloa ke katleho ea eona. Ho feta moo, likhoele tsa DC hangata li na le tšireletso e nang le mekhahlelo e mengata ho thibela ho lutla ha motlakase le ho fokotsa kotsi ea lipotoloho tse khutšoane.

Lithapo tsa DC le tsona li na le tšekamelo ea ho kopana ho feta balekane ba tsona ba AC, kaha li etselitsoe ho sebetsana le mefuta e itseng ea motlakase, joalo ka tse fumanoang lits'ebetsong tsa betri kapa lits'ebetsong tsa photovoltaic.

Melemo ea ho Sebelisa Lithapo tsa DC ka Polokelong ea Matla

E 'ngoe ea melemo ea bohlokoa ea lithapo tsa DC ke ts'ebetso ea tsona e holimo ha e sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tsa polokelo ea betri. Kaha libeteri li boloka matla ka mokhoa oa DC, ha ho hlokahale hore ho be le phetoho ea matla ha u fetisetsa matla ho tloha betri ho ea ho sesebelisoa. Sena se fella ka tahlehelo e fokolang ea matla le mokhoa o sebetsang oa ho boloka le oa ho khutlisa.

Litsamaiso tsa DC li boetse li fana ka matla a matla a matla, ho bolelang hore li ka boloka matla a mangata sebakeng se senyenyane sa 'mele ha se bapisoa le lisebelisoa tsa AC. Sena se bohlokoa haholo lits'ebetsong tse kang likoloi tsa motlakase kapa lisebelisoa tse nkehang tsa polokelo ea matla.

Lisebelisoa tsa Bohlokoa tsa DC Energy Storage Cables

Lithapo tsa DC li sebelisoa haholo lits'ebetsong tse itšetlehileng ka libeteri bakeng sa polokelo ea matla, ho kenyelletsa le lisebelisoa tsa polokelo ea matla a letsatsi, lisebelisoa tsa motlakase tse sa senyeheng (UPS), le likoloi tsa motlakase (EVs). Lisebelisoa tsena li hloka lithapo tsa DC tse sebetsang hantle le tse tšepahalang ho sebetsana le phallo ea motlakase ho tloha libetering ho ea ho lisebelisoa tseo ba li sebelisang.

Ka mohlala, lisebelisoa tsa matla a letsatsi li sebelisa lithapo tsa DC ho fetisetsa matla ho tloha liphanele tsa letsatsi ho ea ho libeteri tsa polokelo le ho tloha libeteri ho ea ho inverter e fetolang matla hore e be AC bakeng sa ho sebelisoa malapeng kapa likhoebong. Lithapo tsa DC li bohlokoa hape lits'ebetsong tsa polokelo ea matla tse fanang ka matla a ho boloka lits'ebetso tsa bohlokoa, joalo ka lipetlele kapa litsi tsa data.

Mathata le Matšoenyeho a Polokeho a Lithapo tsa DC

Le ha likhoele tsa DC li fana ka melemo ea ts'ebetso, li boetse li hlahisa mathata a ikhethang. Taba e 'ngoe ke monyetla oa ho etsa arcing, e ka bang teng ha ho na le tšitiso ea tšohanyetso ea phallo ea motlakase oa DC. Sena se ka lebisa ho litlhase tse kotsi kapa esita le mollo, ho etsa hore ho be bohlokoa ho sebelisa lithapo tsa boleng bo holimo tsa DC tse nang le litšireletso tse nepahetseng le mehato ea ts'ireletso.

Phephetso e 'ngoe ke monyetla oa ho phahama ha motlakase, ho ka senyang thepa e bobebe haeba lithapo li sa sirelelitsoe hantle. Lithapo tsa DC li tlameha ho etsoa ka thepa le likarolo tse itseng ho thibela litaba tsena le ho netefatsa ts'epo ea nako e telele.

Lithapo tsa Puisano Mekhoeng ea ho Boloka Matla

Seabo sa Lithapo tsa Likhokahano polokelong ea Matla

Lithapo tsa puisano ke karolo ea bohlokoa ea mekhoa ea morao-rao ea ho boloka matla, e nolofalletsang puisano pakeng tsa likarolo tse fapaneng, tse kang libeteri, li-inverters, li-controller le mekhoa ea ho beha leihlo. Lithapo tsena li lumella ho shebella nako ea sebele, ho fetisoa ha data, le ho laola lisebelisoa tsa polokelo ea matla, ho netefatsa hore tsamaiso e sebetsa ka katleho le ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng.

Lithapo tsa puisano li sebelisoa ho fetisa matšoao, ho kenyelletsa tlhahlobo ea sistimi, litaelo tsa ts'ebetso, le data ea ts'ebetso, lipakeng tsa sistimi ea polokelo ea matla le lisebelisoa tsa kantle kapa litsi tsa taolo. Lithapo tsena li netefatsa hore litsamaiso tsa polokelo ea matla li ka arabela ka matla liphetohong tsa phepelo ea matla le tlhoko ea matla..

Mefuta ea Lithapo Tsa Puisano Tse Sebelisitsoeng

Ho na le mefuta e 'maloa ea likhoele tsa puisano tse sebelisoang lits'ebetsong tsa polokelo ea matla, ho kenyelletsa:

• Lithapo tsa Ethernet- E sebelisoa hangata bakeng sa phetiso ea data e potlakileng lipakeng tsa likarolo.
  

• Lithapo tsa RS-485- Hangata e sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tsa indasteri bakeng sa puisano e telele.
  

• Lithapo tsa Fiber Optic- E sebelisoa bakeng sa puisano e phahameng ea li-bandwidth le phetisetso ea data ea sebaka se selelele ka tahlehelo e nyane ea matšoao.
  

• KAKA Lithapo tsa Libese- E sebelisoa khafetsa lits'ebetsong tsa likoloi, joalo ka likoloing tsa motlakase le lits'ebetsong tsa polokelo ea letsatsi.
  

Mofuta o mong le o mong oa cable o sebeletsa morero o fapaneng ho latela litlhoko tse khethehileng tsa puisano tsa sistimi ea polokelo ea matla.

Kamoo Lithapo Tsa Lipuisano li Etsang Hore ho Etsahale Mosebetsi o Molemo

Lithapo tsa puisano li bohlokoa bakeng sa ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e ntle ea litsamaiso tsa polokelo ea matla. Ka ho fetisetsa data ea nako ea sebele ho tloha tsamaisong ea polokelo ho ea setsing sa taolo, basebetsi ba ka shebella ts'ebetso, ba lemoha liphoso, 'me ba ntlafatsa tšebeliso ea matla. Sena se thusa ho etsa liqeto tse betere, joalo ka ho lokisa polokelo ea motlakase kapa ho qala tlhokomelo ea sistimi ha ho hlokahala.

Ntle le likhoele tsa puisano, litsamaiso tsa polokelo ea matla li ne li tla sebetsa ka thoko, ho se na mokhoa oa ho beha leihlo kapa ho lokisa boitšoaro ba tsona ho latela maemo a fetohang kapa litlhoko tsa ts'ebetso.

Lisebelisoa tsa Lithapo tsa Puisano ho Mekhoa ea Matla

Lithapo tsa puisano li sebelisoa mefuteng e mengata ea matla a matla, ho tloha lits'ebetsong tse nyane tsa polokelo ea matla a letsatsi ho ea ho litsamaiso tse kholo tsa polokelo ea betri ea grid-scale. Ba hokahanya likarolo tse fapaneng tsa litsamaiso tsena, ho netefatsa hore li sebetsa 'moho ka kutloano le hore data e phalla hantle lipakeng tsa lisebelisoa.

Ntle le polokelo ea matla, lithapo tsa puisano li boetse li sebelisoa ho li-grids tse bohlale, moo li nolofatsang puisano pakeng tsa mehloli ea matla e ajoang le litsamaiso tse bohareng tsa taolo. Li bohlokoa ts'ebetsong ea litsamaiso tsa taolo ea matla (EMS), tse thusang ho ntlafatsa phallo ea matla ho pholletsa le grid.

Mathata le Tlhokomelo ea Lithapo tsa Puisano

E 'ngoe ea liqholotso tse kholo ka lithapo tsa puisano lits'ebetsong tsa polokelo ea matla ke monyetla oa tšitiso ea matšoao, haholo-holo libakeng tse nang le ts'ebetso e phahameng ea motlakase. Ho netefatsa botšepehi ba matšoao a puisano ke habohlokoa bakeng sa ho boloka ts'ebetso ea tsamaiso.

Tlhokomelo ea kamehla ea likhoele tsa puisano ke ea bohlokoa ho netefatsa hore li lula li le maemong a matle ebile ha li na tšenyo. Sena se kenyelletsa ho lekola hore na ha e senyehile le ho taboha, ho lekola hore na ha ho na tšitiso e ka bang teng ea motlakase, le ho khutlisa likhoele ha ho hlokahala ho thibela tahlehelo ea data kapa ho hloleha ha sistimi.

Ho bapisa AC, DC, le Lithapo tsa Puisano ka Polokelong ea Matla

Liphapang ka Bokhabane le Ts'ebetso

Ha ho bapisoa AC, DC, le likhoele tsa puisano, katleho le ts'ebetso li fapana haholo, ho latela karolo ea tsona tsamaisong ea polokelo ea matla.

• Lithapo tsa AC:Lithapo tsa polokelo ea matla tsa AC hangata ha li sebetse hantle ha li bapisoa le likhoele tsa DC ka lebaka la tlhoko ea phetoho lipakeng tsa mefuta ea motlakase ea AC le DC, haholo ha e sebetsana le polokelo ea betri. Leha ho le joalo, lithapo tsa AC li bohlokoa ho litsamaiso moo matla a bolokiloeng maemong a marang-rang 'me a hloka ho kopanngoa le marang-rang a matla a AC. Bokhoni ba matla a phahameng a likhoele tsa AC bo loketse phetiso ea matla a sebaka se selelele le ho kopanya marang-rang. Leha ho le joalo, tahlehelo ea phetoho e ke ke ea qojoa, haholo ha matla a tlameha ho fetoloa lipakeng tsa AC le DC.

• DC Cables:Lithapo tsa Direct current (DC) li sebetsa hantle haholo maemong ao matla a bolokoang a leng ka sebopeho sa DC, joalo ka lits'ebetsong tsa polokelo ea matla tse thehiloeng ho betri. Polokelo ea DC e lumella tšebeliso e tobileng ea matla ntle le ho sokoloha, ho fokotsa tahlehelo ea bokhoni. Kaha boholo ba libeteri li boloka matla ho DC, likhoele tsena li loketse polokelo ea matla a letsatsi, liteishene tsa ho tjhaja koloi ea motlakase, le lisebelisoa tse ling tse itšetlehileng ka polokelo ea betri. Ka lithapo tsa DC, u qoba tahlehelo ea phetoho e teng lits'ebetsong tsa AC, e lebisang ho ntlafatseng ts'ebetso e felletseng lits'ebetsong tsa polokelo ea matla.

• Lithapo tsa puisano:Le hoja likhoele tsa puisano li sa tsamaise matla ka mokhoa oa khale, ts'ebetso ea tsona phetisong ea data e bohlokoa bakeng sa ts'ebetso e ntle ea lits'ebetso tsa polokelo ea matla. Karolo ea bona ea mantlha ke ho fana ka puisano bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa ho beha leihlo le ho laola tse lumellang basebelisi ho lekola boemo ba tefiso, mocheso le likarolo tse ling tsa bohlokoa. Bokhoni ba likhoele tsa puisano bo bohlokoa bakeng sa phetiso ea data ea nako ea nnete, ho netefatsa hore lits'ebetso tsa polokelo ea matla li sebetsa hantle le ka polokeho.

Mabapi le ts'ebetso, lithapo tsa DC li fana ka ts'ebetso e phahameng ea phetisetso ea matla polokelong ea betri, athe likhoele tsa AC li loketse hantle bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse kholo, tse hokahaneng le grid. Lithapo tsa puisano, leha li sa amehe ka kotloloho phetisong ea matla, li bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa ho beha leihlo le ho laola sistimi eohle.

Litšenyehelo le Tlhokomelo

Litsenyehelo le ho kenya likhoele tsa polokelo ea matla li ka fapana haholo lipakeng tsa AC, DC, le likhoele tsa puisano.

• Lithapo tsa AC:Lithapo tsa AC, haholo-holo tse sebelisoang lits'ebetsong tsa motlakase o phahameng bakeng sa polokelo ea matla a maholo, li ka bitsa chelete e ngata. Li etselitsoe ho mamella maemo a feteletseng a tikoloho, ho kenyelletsa le motlakase o phahameng le ho roala khafetsa. Litsenyehelo tsa lithapo tsa AC li boetse li kenyelletsa tlhoko ea lisebelisoa tse eketsehileng tse kang li-transformer le li-voltage regulator ho etsa bonnete ba hore ho kopana hamonate le marang-rang a matla. Leha ho le joalo, ts'ebeliso e atileng ea AC ho marang-rang a motlakase hangata e bolela hore likhoele tsa AC li ka fumaneha habonolo mme li ka ba le litšenyehelo tse tlase tsa ho kenya libakeng tseo lisebelisoa tsa AC li seng li le teng.

• DC Cables:Lithapo tsa DC li tloaetse ho ikhetha haholo 'me hangata li sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tsa matla a tsosolositsoeng, polokelo ea betri le likoloi tsa motlakase. Le hoja lithapo tsa DC li ka ba theko e boima ho feta lithapo tse tloaelehileng tsa AC ka lebaka la tlhokahalo ea ho kenya lisebelisoa tsa boleng bo phahameng le tšireletso ho li-arcing, litšenyehelo tsohle li atisa ho fokotsoa ke katleho e phahameng le litlhoko tse fokolang tsa ho fetola. Ho kenngoa ha lithapo tsa DC lits'ebetsong tsa polokelo ea betri kapa lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi ho atisa ho otloloha ebile ho theko e tlaase bakeng sa linyeoe tseo tse khethehileng tsa tšebeliso, kaha phetoho ho tloha DC ho ea ho AC ha e hlokahale bakeng sa polokelo kapa ho khutlisa.

• Lithapo tsa puisano:Lithapo tsa puisano hangata li theko e tlase ho feta likhoele tse fetisang matla (AC le DC), kaha mosebetsi oa tsona o ka sehloohong ke ho fetisa data ho fapana le ho fetisa matla. Theko ea ho kenya hangata e tlase, leha sena se ka ipapisa le ho rarahana ha sistimi e behiloeng leihlo. Lithapo tsa puisano li ka 'na tsa hloka ho kenngoa haufi le lithapo tsa AC kapa tsa DC ho theha mokhoa oa ho boloka matla o sebetsang ka botlalo.

Qetellong, khetho ea likhoele le litšenyehelo tsa tsona tsa ho kenya li tla itšetleha ka ts'ebeliso e khethehileng ea polokelo ea matla. Lithapo tsa AC li loketse lits'ebetso tse kholo, tse hoketsoeng ke grid, athe lithapo tsa DC li loketse ho kenya motlakase o tsosolositsoeng le lits'ebetso tsa betri. Lithapo tsa puisano li bohlokoa bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea litsamaiso tsena empa hangata li emela karolo e nyane ea litšenyehelo tse akaretsang.

Tšireletseho le Tumellano ea Taolo

Tšireletseho ke ntho e amehang haholo ha ho sebetsanoa le litsamaiso tse nang le matla a phahameng, 'me mefuta ea likhoele tse sebelisoang lits'ebetsong tsa polokelo ea matla li tlameha ho latela melao e thata ea taolo ho netefatsa polokeho ea basebetsi, bareki le tikoloho.

• Lithapo tsa AC:Lithapo tsa AC, haholo-holo tse sebetsang ka matla a phahameng a motlakase, li tlameha ho etsoa ho thibela litšisinyeho tsa motlakase, mello, kapa likotsi tse ling. Ho latela melao bakeng sa likhoele tsa AC ho kenyelletsa ho netefatsa hore li-insurance, li-conductors, le moralo ka kakaretso li kopana le litekanyetso tsa polokeho tsa naha le tsa machabeng. Mohlala, lithapo tse sebelisoang phetisong ea matla a maholo li hloka ho feta litekong tsa ho hanyetsa mollo, liteko tsa ho hana ho kenella, le ho khona ho mamella maemo a leholimo a feteletseng.

• DC Cables:Lithapo tsa DC li tobana le mathata a ikhethang a polokeho, joalo ka kotsi ea ho arcing ha hona joale e sitisoa. Liprothokholo tsa polokeho lits'ebetsong tsa DC hangata li kenyelletsa ho netefatsa hore likhoele li na le lisebelisoa tsa boleng bo holimo le tse sireletsang ho sebetsana le phallo e tsoelang pele ea motlakase. Ho feta moo, likhoele tsa DC li tlameha ho etsoa ho thibela ho phahama ha motlakase le li-circuits tse khutšoane, tse ka senyang sistimi kapa tsa baka mollo. Mekhatlo e laolang e thehile litekanyetso ho netefatsa hore lithapo tsa DC li bolokehile hore li ka sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tsa bolulo le tsa khoebo, ho kenyeletsoa lits'ebetso tsa polokelo ea matla le lijajara tsa likoloi tsa motlakase.

• Lithapo tsa puisano:Le ha likhoele tsa puisano hangata li bolokehile ho feta likhoele tse fetisang matla, li ntse li hloka ho latela litekanyetso tse amanang le ho kena-kenana le motlakase (EMI), botšepehi ba data, le ho hanyetsa mollo. Kaha likhoele tsa puisano li fetisa lintlha tsa bohlokoa tsa ts'ebetso, li tlameha ho khona ho boloka khokahano e sireletsehileng maemong ohle. Ho lumellana le taolo ho tiisa hore likhoele tsa puisano li sirelelitsoe ho sitisoe ke kantle ho naha 'me li ka tsamaisa matšoao ntle le tahlehelo ea data kapa ho senyeha.

Ka kakaretso, mefuta eohle e meraro ea likhoele e tlameha ho latela litekanyetso tsa indasteri tse behiloeng ke mekhatlo e kang International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), National Electrical Code (NEC), le mekhatlo e fapaneng ea taolo ea lehae. Ho lumellana le litekanyetso tsena ho bohlokoa bakeng sa polokeho, katleho, le ts'epahalo ea litsamaiso tsa polokelo ea matla.

Ke Cable efe e Molemo ka ho Fetisisa Bakeng sa Likopo tse Khethehileng tsa Polokelo ea Matla?

Ho khetha thapo e ntle ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa sesebelisoa se ikhethileng sa polokelo ea matla ho itšetlehile haholo ka mofuta oa matla a bolokiloeng le litlhoko tsa ho kopanya tsamaiso.

• Lithapo tsa ACli molemo ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse hlokang ho hokahana le marang-rang a teng a matla, joalo ka litsamaiso tsa polokelo ea matla a grid-scale, polokelo ea motlakase e pompetsoeng, kapa lisebelisoa tse kholo tsa flywheel. Lithapo tsa AC li loketse ha matla a hloka ho ajoa libakeng tse telele kapa ha a hloka ho fetoloa hore a sebelisoe ka kakaretso marang-rang.

• Lithapo tsa DCli loketse haholo lits'ebetso tse itšetlehileng ka libeteri kapa mehloli ea matla a ka nchafatsoang, joalo ka lisebelisoa tsa matla a letsatsi kapa a moea. Bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa polokelo ea matla a betri (BESS), likoloi tsa motlakase, kapa lisebelisoa tse nchafalitsoeng tse nyane, likhoele tsa DC li fana ka ts'ebetso e phahameng haholo, e leng khetho e ratoang bakeng sa litlhophiso tsena.

• Lithapo tsa Puisanoli bohlokoa haholo tsamaisong e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea polokelo ea matla. Ba thusa ho laola le ho beha leihlo tsamaiso, ho netefatsa hore sesebelisoa sa polokelo ea matla se sebetsa hantle le ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng. Lithapo tsa puisano li bohlokoa mefuteng eohle ea polokelo ea matla, ebang ke mochine o monyenyane oa ho kenya letsatsi kapa mochine o moholo oa betri, ho thusa ho beha leihlo ka nako ea sebele, ho rarolla mathata, le ho ntlafatsa mokhoa oa ho boloka matla.

Bokamoso ba Lithapo tsa Polokelo ea Matla

Lintlafatso ho Theknoloji ea Cable bakeng sa Polokelo ea Matla

Bokamoso ba likhoele tsa polokelo ea matla bo amana haufi-ufi le phetoho ea theknoloji ea polokelo ea matla ka boeona. Ha litsamaiso tsa polokelo ea matla li ntse li hatela pele, likhoele tse sebelisoang ho hokahanya lits'ebetso tsena li tla hloka ho fetoha ho fihlela litlhoko tse ncha. Litlhahiso li lebelletsoe libakeng tse 'maloa:

1. Sebetsa se Phahameng:Ha litsamaiso tsa polokelo ea matla li ntse li loanela ho sebetsa hantle, lithapo li tla hloka ho raloa ho fokotsa tahlehelo ea matla, haholo lits'ebetsong tsa motlakase o phahameng.

2. Lithapo tse nyane le tse bobebe:Ka ho phahama ha lisebelisoa tsa betri tse kopanetsoeng le likoloi tsa motlakase, lithapo li tla hloka ho ba bobebe le ho fetoha habonolo ha li ntse li boloka conductivity e phahameng le polokeho.

3. Lisebelisoa tse tsoetseng pele tsa Insulation:Ho ntlafatsa polokeho le nako ea bophelo ea likhoele, nts'etsopele ea lisebelisoa tse ncha tsa ho koala li tla thusa likhoele ho mamella maemo a feteletseng le matla a phahameng a motlakase.

4. Smart Cables:Ka kopanyo e ntseng e eketseha ea thekenoloji ea IoT (Inthaneteng ea Lintho), likhoele li ka kenyelletsa li-sensor tse kentsoeng tse lumellang ho lekola maemo a cable ka nako ea nnete, joalo ka mocheso le mojaro oa hona joale.

Mekhoa e Behang Bokamoso ba Mekhoa ea Polokelo ea Matla

Mekhoa e mengata e theha bokamoso ba lits'ebetso tsa polokelo ea matla, ho kenyelletsa:

• Polokelo ea Matla e Felletseng:Ka tšebeliso e ntseng e eketseha ea matla a tsosolositsoeng, mekhoa ea ho boloka matla e ajoang (joaloka libeteri tsa lapeng le liphanele tsa letsatsi) li tla hloka lithapo tse khethehileng ho laola polokelo ea matla le ho ajoa ka katleho.

• Polokelo ea Matla bakeng sa Likoloi tsa Motlakase (EVs):Ho amoheloa ha likoloi tsa motlakase ho tla khanna tlhokahalo ea lithapo tsa DC le lisebelisoa tsa ho tjhaja, tse hlokang tsoelo-pele e ncha ea theknoloji ea cable ho sebetsana le lebelo le phahameng la ho tjhaja le maemo a matla.

• Ho kopanya le Smart Grids:Ha li-grid tse bohlale li ntse li ata haholo, likhoele tsa puisano li tla bapala karolo ea bohlokoa taolong ea kabo ea matla le ho netefatsa botsitso ba marang-rang, e leng se hlokang tsoelo-pele e eketsehileng theknolojing ea lithapo.

Mehopolo ea Moshoelella Tlhahisong ea Cable

Moshoelella ke taba e ntseng e hola ho etsoa ha likhoele tsa polokelo ea matla. Ha tlhoko ea litsamaiso tsa polokelo ea matla e ntse e eketseha, phello ea tikoloho ea likhoele tse hlahisang e tlameha ho rarolloa. Baetsi ba ntse ba hlahloba litsela tsa ho fokotsa khabone ea tlhahiso ea cable ka ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tse ka sebelisoang hape, ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea matla ts'ebetsong ea tlhahiso, le ho hlahloba lisebelisoa tse ling bakeng sa ho kenya letsoho le ho sireletsa.

Qetello

Lithapo tsa polokelo ea matla, ebang li sebelisetsoa AC, DC, kapa merero ea puisano, ke mokokotlo oa mekhoa ea morao-rao ea ho boloka matla. Li phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho nolofatseng phetisetso e nepahetseng ea motlakase, ho etsa bonnete ba ho boloka le ho khutlisa matla, le ho etsa hore tsamaiso ea matla e sebetse hantle.

Ho khetha thapo e nepahetseng bakeng sa ts'ebeliso e itseng ea polokelo ea matla - ekaba khokahano ea marang-rang e kholo, polokelo ea betri, kapa lits'ebetso tsa puisano - ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea sistimi, polokeho le litšenyehelo. Ha thekenoloji e ntse e hatela pele, ho tla ba joalo le ka likhoele tse hokahanyang litsamaiso tsena, tse tsamaisang lits'ebetso tse tla thusa ho theha bokamoso ba polokelo ea matla le sebaka se pharaletseng sa matla.

FAQs

Phapano ke efe lipakeng tsa likhoele tsa polokelo ea matla tsa AC le DC?

Lithapo tsa AC li sebelisoa litsamaisong tse sebetsang ka hona joale, hangata litsamaisong tse kholo, tse hoketsoeng ke grid. Lithapo tsa DC li sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tse thehiloeng ho betri, liphanele tsa letsatsi, le lisebelisoa tse ling tse bolokang le ho sebelisa motlakase o tobileng.

Ke hobane'ng ha likhoele tsa puisano li le bohlokoa bakeng sa litsamaiso tsa polokelo ea matla?

Lithapo tsa puisano li netefatsa hore litsamaiso tsa polokelo ea matla li sebetsa hantle ka ho fetisa lintlha tsa nako ea nnete bakeng sa ho beha leihlo, taolo le ho ntlafatsa.

Nka khetha mofuta o nepahetseng oa thapo ea polokelo ea matla joang?

Khetho ea thapo e ipapisitse le mofuta oa sistimi ea ho boloka matla eo u sebetsang le eona. Lithapo tsa AC li molemo ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa ho kopanya marang-rang, ha lithapo tsa DC li loketse lisebelisoa tse thehiloeng ho betri. Lithapo tsa puisano lia hlokahala bakeng sa litsamaiso tsohle ho etsa bonnete ba ho beha leihlo le taolo e nepahetseng.

Na likhoele tsa polokelo ea matla li ka sebelisoa hape kapa tsa sebelisoa hape?

Lithapo tse ngata tsa polokelo ea matla li ka sebelisoa hape, haholo-holo tse entsoeng ka koporo kapa aluminium. Leha ho le joalo, insulation le lisebelisoa tse ling li ka hloka mekhoa e khethehileng ea ho tsosolosa.

Ke likotsi life tsa polokeho tse amanang le ho sebelisa likhoele tsa polokelo ea matla?

Likotsi tsa polokeho li kenyelletsa ho tsukutloa ha motlakase, mello, le arcing, haholo lits'ebetsong tse phahameng tsa AC le DC. Ho koala lithapo tse nepahetseng, ho sireletsa, le tlhokomelo ea kamehla ke tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa ho fokotsa likotsi tsena.